4 key numbers you need to know for effective cash

Price Mann • February 10, 2021

Running out of cash is one of the biggest reasons that businesses fail. It’s not surprising really, as forecasting your cash flow can be tricky, not to mention that there are so many variables that determine how much is needed for operations, how much money you have coming in, and how much money you actually have to spend. Like we said, tricky (and a recipe for a headache).

While it is difficult, cash flow planning is absolutely essential to the success of a business. It ensures that you have the cash flow you need to not only survive, but thrive, and in any market or economy. As you can imagine, this is the dream for every business right now – to know that they are okay and that they can make payroll and keep up with the bills – in the midst of the recession.

To be in this position, you need to start cash flow planning or forecasting and here are the main 4 numbers that you need to know.

1. How much cash is in the bank?

It is crucial for a business to always know how much money is in the bank, but what makes a business successful is knowing how long that money will last, based on their current spending.

Just take the many businesses who were forced to close due to COVID-19 as an example. They might not have generated adequate cash to meet monthly outgoings (e.g., rent, paying suppliers, paying employees, buying raw materials etc) for most of this year. So how have many of them survived?

Through cash flow planning, many businesses know exactly how long they can survive before they go bust. Due to this knowledge, they have been able to plan ahead and make better business decisions to improve their position throughout the year.

2. Turnover (revenue and inventory)

Knowing your turnover or gross revenue (e.g., the total amount of money you have brought in from sales) is obviously a key number to know, but when it comes to your cash flow forecasting, things like inventory turnover are also essential.

Inventory turnover is the rate at which you keep and use all of your inventory after you have purchased it. You might not think that this number is essential to know, but inventory can actually hide a lot of problems and issues within the business that you wouldn’t otherwise see if you weren’t looking.

Imagine you have been buying too much inventory. Imagine the money you have available that is just sitting there. By looking at metrics like this while cash flow planning, you can know whether or not you should be buying more or less inventory at a time and what effect this will have on your profitability.

3. Cost of sales

While revenue is an essential number to know, cost of sales is even more critical. Why? Because if making those sales cost you more than the money you brought in from them, you are actually making a loss and are heading for some major cash-flow problems.

Even if your business is growing, this doesn’t mean that you are heading in the right direction, so pay close attention to this number when cash flow planning. What costs are involved in making your sales (e.g., the cost of inventory if you sell tangibles or the cost of labour if you sell services etc)?

A small decrease in the cost of sales can have as much impact on gross profit as a large increase in sales, so that is why it is so essential to know this number. If you’re aware of these costs, you can either negotiate with suppliers for better prices or tighten up work processes to reduce labour hours.

4. Net profit

Net profit is the ultimate measure of a business’s success. It is your bottom line, i.e., everything you have made after you have subtracted all direct and fixed costs.

So why is this important for cash flow planning? The net profit margin helps you to see whether you are generating enough profits from your sales and whether operating and overhead costs are being contained. If you’re not doing either, then you should know where and how you need to make adjustments.

Don’t confuse cash flow with revenue!

Revenue is only a measurement of a one-way inflow of money whereas cash flow demonstrates all movement of money through your business (e.g., income, outgoings and existing cash in the business). That’s why cash flow forecasting is so essential, as you can use it to track your business’s financial health while also planning for any expected peaks or dips in business in the future.

So many numbers besides revenue indicate profitability, so you need to manage them ALL right before you can be sure that your revenue growth is cause for celebration (not commiseration!). Isn’t that what we all need in the current climate?

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P60 deadline: Actions to take before 31 May

By Price Mann • May 6, 2026

Many business owners treat P60s as a simple box-ticking exercise. While meeting the deadline is important, stopping there means missing a valuable opportunity to identify payroll errors early, before they become more costly to resolve later in the year. With the 31 May deadline approaching, here is what you need to know and why it matters. P60 deadline: 31 May 2026 Every employee on your payroll as at 5 April 2026 must receive their P60 by 31 May 2026. There are no extensions. Missing the deadline may result in HMRC penalties, as well as issues for employees who require their P60 for mortgage applications, tax returns, or benefit claims. If you manage payroll in-house, ensure this is scheduled. If you outsource payroll, confirm with your provider that it is being handled. Key change for 2026/27: Plan 5 student loans From the 2026/27 tax year, Plan 5 student loans will enter repayment. The threshold is £25,000, which is lower than Plan 2, meaning more employees may be affected than expected. Now is the time to check which plan each employee is on. Errors in this area can lead to payroll corrections, HMRC queries, and additional administrative work. Accountant’s tip: Use the P60 process to review student loan plans and ensure the correct deductions are in place for the new tax year. Use P60s as a payroll review While reviewing P60s, carry out a sense check on Benefits in Kind ahead of the July P11D deadline. Common issues include company cars, private medical insurance, and interest-free loans being incorrectly classified or overlooked. Identifying any issues now allows time to correct them properly, rather than dealing with pressure and potential penalties closer to the deadline. What to review before 31 May Confirm all eligible employees will receive their P60 on time Review student loan plans, particularly where employees may fall under Plan 5 Cross-check Benefits in Kind against payroll records Ensure 2026/27 tax codes are correct from the start of the tax year Need support? Please contact us